Accelerating Rate Calorimeter 305 (ARC®)
Fastest tracking rate up to 200 K/min
Highlights
The Accelerating Rate Calorimeter 305 (Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC)The method describing isothermal and adiabatic test procedures used to detect thermally exothermic decomposition reactions.ARC® 305) provides AdiabaticAdiabatic describes a system or measurement mode without any heat exchange with the surroundings. This mode can be realized using a calorimeter device according to the method of accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). The main purpose of such a device is to study scenarios and thermal runaway reactions. A short description of the adiabatic mode is “no heat in – no heat out”.adiabatic calorimetry data in a safe, controlled laboratory environment.
Accelerating Rate Calorimeters can be used for the thermal analysis of solid or liquid chemicals or for gas/liquid, liquid/liquid, gas/solid, and liquid/solid mixtures. They can also be used for process simulation of batch and semi-batch reactions, fire exposures, emergency relief venting, and physical properties measurement.
The advanced Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC)The method describing isothermal and adiabatic test procedures used to detect thermally exothermic decomposition reactions.ARC® 305 helps engineers and scientists identify potential hazards and tackle key elements of process optimization and Thermal StabilityA material is thermally stable if it does not decompose under the influence of temperature. One way to determine the thermal stability of a substance is to use a TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer). thermal stability. As a highly versatile, miniature chemical reactor, sample can be stirred, material injected, and it can be used for vent studies. The Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC)The method describing isothermal and adiabatic test procedures used to detect thermally exothermic decomposition reactions.ARC® 305 has been designed to use the traditional 10 ml Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC)The method describing isothermal and adiabatic test procedures used to detect thermally exothermic decomposition reactions.ARC® spherical vessel but can also use the larger 130 ml vessel for low Phi or vent testing.
- Fastest Tracking Rate: More reliable data and a wider range of application due to the fastest tracking rate up to 200 K/min
- VariPhi technology: Patented VariPhi technology can realize low phi test even with a small and safe sample size. Effective detection of both ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated.exothermic and EndothermicA sample transition or a reaction is endothermic if heat is needed for the conversion.endothermic transitions can be achieved by the versatile operating modes on Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC)The method describing isothermal and adiabatic test procedures used to detect thermally exothermic decomposition reactions.ARC® 305
- Proteus® software: Controlled by the same powerful Proteus® software which user can use to operate all other NETZSCH thermal analysis instruments in the lab.
Accelerating rate calorimetry has been the cornerstone of chemical process safety for the last 30 years. These cases require measuring both the amount of heat released (thermodynamics) and the rate at which it is released (kinetics). This can cause significant increase in sample pressure. The combination of temperature and pressure rise can lead to an explosion. Therefore, AdiabaticAdiabatic describes a system or measurement mode without any heat exchange with the surroundings. This mode can be realized using a calorimeter device according to the method of accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). The main purpose of such a device is to study scenarios and thermal runaway reactions. A short description of the adiabatic mode is “no heat in – no heat out”.adiabatic calorimeters are generally designed to be much more robust than many other types of calorimeters.
Method
The Accelerating Rate Calorimeter 305 (ARC® 305) simultaneously measures temperature and pressure. The sealed pressure system also allows the user to evaluate the effect of different gas atmospheres on the Thermal StabilityA material is thermally stable if it does not decompose under the influence of temperature. One way to determine the thermal stability of a substance is to use a TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer). thermal stability of the system.
Gaseous reaction products may be analyzed at the end of an experiment to help identify and understand the reaction mechanisms involved.
A single experiment provides data for use in the following:
- Thermal Hazard Evaluation
- Pressure Hazard Evaluation
- Thermokinetic Analysis
User safety is a key objective in the design of model 305. The user is protected by a series of safety systems that are completely independent of the control system. These safety systems work to protect the user in the event that the primary control system fails. Fully computer-controlled and highly automated, the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC® 305) features a graphical interface that is easy to learn and use.
The system is totally integrated into clean, modern designs in which all routinely used equipment is easily accessible.
- VariPhi is a controlled variable DC heater used in Accelerating Rate Calorimeters (ARC®) to provide the most accurate simulation of real-world thermal environment.
- VariPhi’s sophisticated calibration software regulates and records the amount of energy supplied by the internal heater.
- VariPhi enables precise measurement of heat, pressure, and activity within a sample, avoiding the need for complicated mathematical corrections.
- VariPhi Patent number US 7,021,820 B2.
VariPhi in Accelerating Rate Calorimeters (ARC®) Mode
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By using VariPhi as an additional heater, the user can run ramp tests with the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC®) that deliver improved information about the activity in a sample.
By operating in scanning mode, VariPhi can measure ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated.exothermic and EndothermicA sample transition or a reaction is endothermic if heat is needed for the conversion.endothermic activity, heat capacity, and pressure within a sample, faster and more cost effectively than a standard differential scanning calorimeter.
In scanning mode, VariPhi provides the following key features:
- Faster data collection on ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated.exothermic activity than Heat-Wait-Search (HWS)Heat-Wait-Search is a measurement mode used in calorimeter devices according to accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC).Heat-Wait-Search tests
- Enhanced measurements and capabilities over traditional DSC analysis
- Endothermal activity tracking
- Pressure data can be recorded
- Ability to inject sample
- Ability to stir sample
- Ability to set Thermal inertiaThe thermal inertia is equivalent to the PHI-factor. Both describe the ratio of mass and specific heat capacity of a sample or sample mixture compared to that of the vessel or sample container.thermal inertia for direct real-world comparison
By using VariPhi as an additional heater, the user can run ramp tests with the Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC®) that deliver improved information about the activity in a sample.
By operating in scanning mode, VariPhi can measure ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated.exothermic and EndothermicA sample transition or a reaction is endothermic if heat is needed for the conversion.endothermic activity, heat capacity, and pressure within a sample, faster and more cost effectively than a standard differential scanning calorimeter.
In scanning mode, VariPhi provides the following key features:
- Faster data collection on ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated.exothermic activity than Heat-Wait-Search (HWS)Heat-Wait-Search is a measurement mode used in calorimeter devices according to accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC).Heat-Wait-Search tests
- Enhanced measurements and capabilities over traditional DSC analysis
- Endothermal activity tracking
- Pressure data can be recorded
- Ability to inject sample
- Ability to stir sample
- Ability to set Thermal inertiaThe thermal inertia is equivalent to the PHI-factor. Both describe the ratio of mass and specific heat capacity of a sample or sample mixture compared to that of the vessel or sample container.thermal inertia for direct real-world comparison
Through VariPhi technology, true IsothermalTests at controlled and constant temperature are called isothermal.isothermal calorimetry can be run on ARC® 254 for chemical samples and battery cells.
In this mode, VariPhi provides the following key features:
- True IsothermalTests at controlled and constant temperature are called isothermal.isothermal operation
- Both EndothermicA sample transition or a reaction is endothermic if heat is needed for the conversion.endothermic and ExothermicA sample transition or a reaction is exothermic if heat is generated. exothermic events
Through VariPhi technology , power can be added to compensate to phi = 1.0 (Fires exposure cases should always be run as a phi=1 test) and the calculated fire energy influx can be added directly to the sample at a constant rate.
In this mode, VariPhi provides the following key features:
- More accurate Fire exposure test case
- Determine Heat of Reaction
- Determine kinetics
Various sample vessels
Specifications
| ARC® 305 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Temperature Range: | RT to 500°C | |
| Pressure Range (Standard): | 0 bar to 150 bar | |
| Pressure Accuracy: | 0.35% full scale (150 bar) | |
| Sample container: | Spherical sample vessel: 1 ml to 130 ml tube sample vessel: 1 ml to 9 ml | |
| ASTM standard: | based on E1981 | |
| Applications: | Process Safety Energetic Materials | |
Test cell materials for spherical vessels with a wall thickness between 0.4 mm and 0.9 mm: | Stainless Steel
| |
Test cell materials for tube-type vessels with a wall thickness of 0.4 mm and 0.9 mm: | Stainless Steel Titanium (Volume: 1 ml to 8.5 ml) |
Brochures and Data Sheets:
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- Data is automatically saved to hard-drive throughout the run
- Intelligent Firmware monitors the status and health of key operating sensors and active components
- Safety integrated with hardware and firmware controls
- Seamless integration of data files to Proteus® Analysis, NETZSCH Advanced Software Tools or 3rd party software
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