PA6.12: Polyamide 6.12

General Properties

Short Name:

Name:

PA6.12

Polyamide 6.12

Polyamid 6.12 (PA6.12) is produced by a polycondensation of the monomers hexamethylene diamine and dodecanedioic acid. See page 98 for an example of the numbering in the polymer name.

Structural Formula

Properties

Glass Transition TemperatureThe glass transition is one of the most important properties of amorphous and semi-crystalline materials, e.g., inorganic glasses, amorphous metals, polymers, pharmaceuticals and food ingredients, etc., and describes the temperature region where the mechanical properties of the materials change from hard and brittle to more soft, deformable or rubbery.Glass Transition Temperature	40 to 65°C
Melting Temperatures and EnthalpiesThe enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as latent heat, is a measure of the energy input, typically heat, which is necessary to convert a substance from solid to liquid state. The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid (crystalline) to liquid (isotropic melt).Melting Temperature	210 to 220°C
Melting Temperatures and EnthalpiesThe enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as latent heat, is a measure of the energy input, typically heat, which is necessary to convert a substance from solid to liquid state. The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid (crystalline) to liquid (isotropic melt).Melting Enthalpy	-
Decomposition reactionA decomposition reaction is a thermally induced reaction of a chemical compound forming solid and/or gaseous products. Decomposition Temperature	450 to 465°C
Young's Modulus	2100 to 2250 MPa
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (CLTE/CTE) The coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) describes the length change of a material as a function of the temperature.Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion	120 to 130 *10^-6/K
Specific Heat Capacity	1.91 J/(g*K)
Thermal ConductivityThermal conductivity (λ with the unit W/(m•K)) describes the transport of energy – in the form of heat – through a body of mass as the result of a temperature gradient (see fig. 1). According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat always flows in the direction of the lower temperature.Thermal Conductivity	-
DensityThe mass density is defined as the ratio between mass and volume. Density	1.06 g/cm³
Morphology	Semi-crystalline thermoplastic
General properties	High toughness. Very good resistance to fats, oils, fuels. Very good StressStress is defined as a level of force applied on a sample with a well-defined cross section. (Stress = force/area). Samples having a circular or rectangular cross section can be compressed or stretched. Elastic materials like rubber can be stretched up to 5 to 10 times their original length.stress cracking resistance. Low coefficient of sliding friction. High abrasion resistance
Processing	Injection molding
Applications	Vehicle construction. Household items, e.g., toothbrushes. Plastic-rubber composites, e.g., for housing covers with seals

NETZSCH Measurement

Instrument	DSC 204 `F1` `Phoenix^®`
Sample Mass	8.66 mg
IsothermalTests at controlled and constant temperature are called isothermal.Isothermal Phase	8 min
Heating/Colling Rates	10 K/min
Crucible	Al, pierced lid
Atmosphere	N₂ (50 ml/min)

Evaluation

Shown in the 2nd heating (red) of this example is a broad, strongly structured endothermal melting transition with a distinc- tive pre-peak at 202°C and an additional shoulder at 173°C (peak temperatures). The temperature of the main effect (also peak temperature) occurred at 217°C. The total melting enthalpy was approx. 75 J/g. The Glass Transition TemperatureThe glass transition is one of the most important properties of amorphous and semi-crystalline materials, e.g., inorganic glasses, amorphous metals, polymers, pharmaceuticals and food ingredients, etc., and describes the temperature region where the mechanical properties of the materials change from hard and brittle to more soft, deformable or rubbery.glass transition in the 2^nd heating had a midpoint temperature of 40°C, at the lower end of the Glass Transition TemperatureThe glass transition is one of the most important properties of amorphous and semi-crystalline materials, e.g., inorganic glasses, amorphous metals, polymers, pharmaceuticals and food ingredients, etc., and describes the temperature region where the mechanical properties of the materials change from hard and brittle to more soft, deformable or rubbery.glass transition temperature for these materials. In the 1^st heating (blue), the T_g midpoint was approximately 2 K lower and overlapped by a large RelaxationWhen a constant strain is applied to a rubber compound, the force necessary to maintain that strain is not constant but decreases with time; this behavior is known as stress relaxation. The process responsible for stress relaxation can be physical or chemical, and under normal conditions, both will occur at the same time. relaxation peak.