differential scanning calorimetry

DSC 404 F3 Pegasus®

High-Temperature DSC up to 2000°C

Highlights

Fascinating Flexibility in Thermal Analysis 

The DSC 404 F3 Pegasus®, High-Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimeter, is part of the economical NETZSCH F3 -product line, which is specially tailored to the requirements of comparative material characterization and quality control.

The DSC 404 F3 Pegasus®, High-Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimeter, can be operated from -150°C to 2000°C with various DTA and DSC sensors that are easily exchangeable by the user and various furnace types (please see accessories).

The sample chamber can be purged with inert or oxidizing gases in order to remove gases evolved from the sample.

The measuring system is vacuum tight (10-4 mbar).

Method

The DSC 404 F1 as well as the F3 Pegasus® systems operate according to the heat flux principle. With this method, a sample and a reference are subjected to a controlled temperature program (heating, cooling or IsothermalTests at controlled and constant temperature are called isothermal.isothermal). The actual measured properties are the temperature of the sample and the temperature difference between sample and reference. From the raw data signals, the heat flow difference between sample and reference can be determined.

More on the Functional Principle of a Heat-Flux DSC

A DSC measuring cell consists of a furnace and an integrated heat-flux sensor with designated positions for the sample and reference pans.

The sensor areas are connected to thermocouples or may even be part of the thermocouple. This allows for recording both the temperature difference between the sample and reference side (DSC signal) and the absolute temperature of the sample or reference side.

Due to the heat capacity (cp) of the sample, the reference side (usually an empty pan) generally heats faster than the sample side during heating of the DSC measuring cell; i.e., the reference temperature (TR, green) increases a bit faster than the sample temperature (TP, red). The two curves exhibit parallel behavior during heating at a constant heating rate – until a sample reaction occurs. In the case shown here, the sample starts to melt at t1. The temperature of the sample does not change during melting; the temperature of the reference side, however, remains unaffected and continues exhibiting a linear increase. When melting is completed, the sample temperature also begins to increase again and, beginning with the point in time t2, again exhibits a linear increase.

The differential signal (ΔT) of the two temperature curves is presented in the lower part of the image. In the middle section of the curve, calculation of the differences generates a peak (blue) representing the EndothermicA sample transition or a reaction is endothermic if heat is needed for the conversion.endothermic melting process. Depending on whether the reference temperature was subtracted from the sample temperature or vice versa during this calculation, the generated peak may point upward or downward in the graphs. The peak area is correlated with the heat content of the transition (enthalpy in J/g).

Specifications

Technical Data

Temperature range
-150°C to 2000°C
Heating rates
(dependent on furnace)
0.001 K/min to 50 K/min
Measuring sensors
for DSC and DTA

Thermocouple types:
S, E, K, B, W/Re, SProtected, P

Atmospheres:
inert, oxidizing, static, dynamic

Extension with unique OTS®® system
(option)

Software

Proteus®: Excellent Thermal Analysis Software

The DSC 404 F3 Pegasus® runs under Proteus®Software on Windows®. The Proteus® Software includes everything you need to carry out a measurement and evaluate the resulting data. Through the combination of easy-to-understand menus and automated routines, a tool has been created that is extremely user-friendly and, at the same time, allows sophisticated analysis.The Proteus® software is licensed with the instrument and can of course be installed on other computer systems.

DSC features:

Further Advanced Software Options

The Proteus® modules and expert software solutions offer further advanced processing of the thermoanalytical data for more sophisticated analyses. 

Consultancy & Sales

Do you have further questions about the instrument, the method and would you like to speak to a sales representative?

Service & Support

Do you already have an instrument and need technical support or spare parts?

Related Devices

Application Literature